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The International Monetary Fund (IMF) - World Economic Outlook (WEO) Report on The Bahamas
Related to country: Bahamas

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The IMF report on The Bahamas:
The Nassau, Guardian Editorial -
Nassau, Bahamas:



In his essay on, 'The Principles of Population,' the political economist, Thomas Malthus attributed the decline in living standards in nineteenth century England, to the rapid growth in population outstripping the growth in food production.

His grim observation that mankind was doomed if the trend continued, was discredited years later when further research on the matter revealed that Malthus failed to take account of technological change, which dramatically increased food production.

Echoes of the Malthusian doctrine seem to be reflected in the predictions on the economy of The Bahamas contained in the most recent World Economic Report (WEO), produced by the International Monetary Fund (IMF). In the report, the fund observes correctly that The Bahamas is an extremely vulnerable economy because it is small, overly-dependent on imports (particularly for food and oil) and its relatively limited foreign reserves could easily be depleted if there is a dramatic increase, of about twenty percent, in the prices of food and oil.

That outlook is given against the background of current global economic conditions which are placing upward pressures on food and oil prices everywhere, including The Bahamas, where the price of a gallon of gas is approaching $6.00 in New Providence and around $7.00 in the Family Islands.

Over the years, the IMF and other international agencies have demonstrated a curious bias against The Bahamas, since this country does not always follow the crowd by adopting, without reservation or modification, the conventional public policies and programs developed by and sometimes imposed on developing countries by the multilateral institutions.

The Bahamas is one of the few countries in the Americas and the Caribbean that has avoided being placed in an IMF assistance program and that position has given it some degree of independence in its national policy development; a position that seems to upset some of the IMF technicians who appear more than eager to seize upon any opportunity to predict dire consequences for the local economy.

In this instance, The IMF assumptions regarding the enormous loss in the country's foreign exchange reserves as a result of higher food and oil prices, would seem to ignore the other dynamics at play in the local economy.

To begin with, all imports (not just food and oil) are ultimately paid from the country's foreign reserves and therefore it is the total value of the imports as opposed to the increases in two items that ought to be up for consideration. Moreover, the level of imports into The Bahamas is directly proportional to the amount of credit extended in the economy.

If the IMF technicians had consulted the latest monthly report of the Central Bank for May 2008, they would have discovered that overall credit expansion was down by more than a half, and that private sector credit growth had declined by about 9 percent. Even the government's deficit over the past three quarters had receded by approximately 30 percent, which means less credit demand on the system from the public sector.

The bank's report also noted that the US dollar, to which the Bahamian dollar is pegged, had depreciated by more than 9 percent against the euro, implying some potential for increased tourist arrivals from Europe. Taken together, the changes in other variables in the economic equation could quite possibly overcome the predicted fallout from rising food and oil prices.

If all the factors affecting the country's level of foreign currency reserves were taken into account, inclusive of automatic adjustment mechanisms, its quite likely that the overly pessimistic outlook and the predictions of gloom and doom by the IMF, could have been modified and the Malthusian mistake could have been avoided.

July 19, 2008 | 6:16 PM Comments  0 comments

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